The Whiteface clown.

[Bubbels]

The whiteface clown is at "the top of the ranks" in the world of clowns. The origin of the whiteface probably dates back to 1600's Comedia del Arte era.
But the father of the "modern clown" and specifically the whiteface was Joseph Grimaldi. To this date clowns are sometimes also known as "joeys", in reference with respect to this old master from the past.
Whiteface clowns can be devided into 2 groups. The traditional whiteface, or sometimes also refered to as the neat- or European whiteface.
The other whiteface is the grotesque or comedy whiteface, which is more associated with the North American population.
A good example of local traditional whiteface clowns are the late Francesco. Brina Boswell's Circus still have a performing whiteface, "Carlo".
Probably the most reconisable grotesque whiteface would be Ronald MacDonald.

The whiteface clown is (suppose to be) the clever one, most of the times the boss clown or in charge of the other types of clowns and often have more and greater skills than the others.

The traditional whiteface will have mostly a complete white face with a little black to above the eyes and sometimes red ears. Almost allways they will wear a skull cap and cone hat. Very seldom will they have a wig. Costume is glittery and shiney, but not "outlandish" Ballet type shoes might be prefered choice.

The Grotesque whiteface, sometimes refferred to as the American whiteface will also have a complete white covered face but with more prominent color features such as red dots on the cheeks, red or black lips, larger eye areas etc. Colorful wigs,  brighter costumes, a rubber red nose and typical large clown shoes are also used. Oh, don't forget about the hat, just have a look at Zimbo's hat and you will get an idea.

When a traditional and grotesque will work together, the traditional has the "higher authority".
I will discuss the auguste and character clowns in due time.